Electronic Cheebtsam IC Chips Integrated Circuits IC TPS74701QDRCRQ1 ib qho chaw yuav

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm wafers thiab chips

Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm wafers

Txhawm rau nkag siab txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm wafers thiab chips, cov hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm wafer thiab chips paub.

(i) wafer yog dab tsi

wafers yog silicon wafers siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov silicon semiconductor integrated circuits, uas yog hu ua wafers vim lawv lub voj voog;lawv tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm silicon wafers los tsim ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb.Cov khoom siv raw rau wafers yog silicon, thiab muaj cov khoom siv tsis txaus ntawm silicon dioxide nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub ntiaj teb crust.Silicon dioxide ore yog refined nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob arc rauv, chlorinated nrog hydrochloric acid thiab distilled los ua ib tug siab purity polysilicon nrog ib tug purity ntawm 99.99999999999%.

(ii) Cov khoom siv raw rau wafers

Silicon yog refined los ntawm quartz xuab zeb thiab wafers yog purified (99.999%) los ntawm lub caij silicon, uas yog ces ua rau silicon rods uas yog cov khoom rau quartz semiconductors rau integrated circuits.

(iii) Wafer txheej txheem tsim khoom

Wafers yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim khoom semiconductor chips.Cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua ke yog silicon thiab yog li sib haum rau silicon wafers.

Silicon yog dav pom nyob rau hauv cov xwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm silicates los yog silicon dioxide nyob rau hauv pob zeb thiab gravels.Kev tsim cov silicon wafers tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv peb kauj ruam yooj yim: silicon refining thiab purification, ib leeg siv lead ua silicon loj hlob, thiab wafer sib sau.

Thawj yog silicon purification, qhov twg cov khoom siv raw ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab pob zeb tau muab tso rau hauv lub qhov cub hluav taws xob ntawm qhov kub ntawm li 2000 ° C thiab nyob rau hauv muaj cov pa roj carbon.Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, cov pa roj carbon thiab silicon dioxide hauv cov xuab zeb thiab pob zeb tau raug tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (cov pa roj carbon sib xyaw nrog oxygen, tawm hauv silicon) kom tau txais cov silicon ntshiab nrog cov purity ntawm li 98%, tseem hu ua metallurgical qib silicon, uas tsis yog. ntshiab txaus rau cov khoom siv microelectronic vim tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor yog cov rhiab heev rau cov concentration ntawm impurities.Metallurgical qib silicon yog li ntawd ntxiv purified: lub crushed metallurgical qib silicon yog raug rau chlorination cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog gaseous hydrogen chloride los ua kua silane, uas yog ces distilled thiab tshuaj txo los ntawm ib tug txheej txheem uas yields high-purity polycrystalline silicon nrog ib tug purity ntawm 9999 99. %, uas dhau los ua hluav taws xob qib silicon.

Tom ntej no los monocrystalline silicon kev loj hlob, feem ntau txoj kev hu ua ncaj rub (CZ txoj kev).Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab hauv qab no, high-purity polysilicon yog muab tso rau hauv ib tug quartz crucible thiab rhuab tsis tu ncua nrog ib tug graphite rhaub nyob ib ncig ntawm lub sab nraud, tswj qhov kub ntawm kwv yees li 1400 ° C.Cov roj hauv lub cub tawg feem ntau yog inert, tso cai rau cov polysilicon yaj yam tsis tsim cov tshuaj tsis haum tshuaj.Txhawm rau tsim ib qho crystals, kev taw qhia ntawm cov muaju kuj tseem tswj tau: lub crucible yog tig nrog polysilicon yaj, cov noob siv lead ua rau hauv nws, thiab tus pas nrig kos yog nqa mus rau qhov sib txawv thaum maj mam thiab vertically rub nws upwards. silicon yaj.Lub melted polysilicon sticks rau hauv qab ntawm cov noob siv lead ua thiab loj hlob upwards nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub lattice kev npaj ntawm cov noob siv lead ua.