Yam khoom

Cov hlua hluav taws xob thiab kev tswj fais fab: ob yam tseem ceeb ntawm analog nti

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cov khoom lag luam, uas feem ntau suav nrog kev ua haujlwm amplifiers thiab cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv, tswj cov kev xav tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib cuam tshuam.Hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke digital-rau-analog, cov txheej txheem ua tiav cov teeb liab yog raws li hauv qab no.

Sensors: Lub cev nqaij daim tawv nqaij los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud, feem ntau yog suab, cov duab, qhov kub thiab txias, av noo, siab, thiab lwm yam, tau txais los ntawm cov sensors thiab hloov mus rau hauv lub sij hawm tsis tu ncua analog teeb liab sib xws rau cov teeb liab ntawm lub cev, feem ntau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm voltage / tam sim no.

Amplifiers thiab cov ntxaij lim dej: Cov teeb liab analog tau ua tiav los ntawm cov teeb liab cua txias uas muaj cov amplifiers thiab lim.Lub amplifier ua hauj lwm rau amplify me me, tsis muaj zog analog signals los hloov lawv mus rau tag nrho-scale input range ntawm ADC;lub lim ua haujlwm tsuas yog rau band-txhim kho lub teeb liab kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm Nyquist's sampling theorem.

Cov ntaub ntawv converter: ADC hloov cov txheej txheem voltage / tam sim no teeb liab mus rau qhov sib thooj cov khoom siv digital, uas yog muab rau cov chav digital tom ntej rau kev ua haujlwm.

Kev ua cov digital: Cov khoom siv digital discrete yog digitized los ntawm kev ua haujlwm digital (MCU, DSP, lossis FPGA), uas feem ntau yog siv los siv cov teeb liab ua cov algorithms.

Cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv: Cov khoom siv digital discrete tom qab ua tiav los ntawm cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm digital raug xa mus rau DAC, dhau los ntawm lawv tau hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv cov teeb liab analog tsis tu ncua.

Lim: Raws li DAC tso zis teeb liab muaj "kauj ruam" cov khoom siv ntau zaus, cov lim dej rov qab siv los lim tawm cov suab nrov nrov, ua rau lub teeb liab analog tso tawm rov qab.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov no yog kev ua haujlwm amplifier thiab cov ntaub ntawv converter.

Kev ua haujlwm amplifiers yog "cov tsev hauv paus" ntawm analog circuits thiab siv ntau yam kev siv.Kev ua haujlwm amplifiers yog amplification circuits uas ntxiv thiab integrate analog signals thiab feem ntau yog siv los amplify me me, tsis muaj zog signals rau hauv loj.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev ua haujlwm amplifiers yog lub hauv paus rau ntau yam khoom siv analog, xws li digital-rau-analog converters, tam sim no-rau-voltage converters, lim, sib piv, thiab linear regulators.Nws tuaj yeem hais tau tias cov tshuab ua haujlwm ua haujlwm yog "cov tsev hauv paus" ntawm analog circuits.

Cov ntaub ntawv converters yog tus choj ntawm analog thiab digital systems thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb.Lub analog-to-digital converter (ADC) yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov cov cim analog rau hauv cov cim digital thiab cov digital-to-analog converter (DAC) yog lub luag haujlwm rau hloov cov teeb liab digital rau hauv cov cim analog.Cov sensors hloov qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub ntiaj teb, qhov siab, suab, thiab lwm yam rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob, uas feem ntau yog cov cim analog thiab tsis tuaj yeem lees paub thiab ua tiav los ntawm cov tshuab digital.Tsuas yog los ntawm kev hloov pauv los ntawm ADC lawv tuaj yeem raug ntes thiab ua tiav los ntawm MCU.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg hais lus, thiab lwm yam xav tau analog teeb liab tawm tswv yim los ua haujlwm, yog li DACs xav tau los hloov cov teeb liab tawm los ntawm cov kab ke digital mus rau cov teeb liab analog.Yog li ntawd, thaum twg cov kev ua digital koom nrog, cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv yuav tsum muaj tam sim no.

Op-amps yog lub hauv paus rau ntau yam khoom siv analog, piv txwv li, cov ntxaij lim dej yog tsim los ntawm op-amps thiab resistors.

Cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv muaj xws li digital-rau-analog converters (DACs) thiab analog-rau-digital converters (ADCs)

Kev tswj fais fab yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau hluav taws xob circuits.Ntev npaum li lub tshuab hluav taws xob yuav tsum muaj lub zog siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov roj teeb, thiab lwm yam. Nyob ntawm hom kev tawm tswv yim thiab cov zis tam sim no, peb tuaj yeem faib cov tswj fais fab rau hauv 4 hom loj: AC-DC (rectifier), AC AC (inverter, thiab lwm yam), DC-DC (chopper), thiab DC-AC (inverter).

Hloov cov rectifiers (AC-DC) feem ntau yog lub luag haujlwm rau hloov AC lub zog rau hauv DC lub zog thiab feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim adapters rau laptops.

AC-AC converters (AC-AC) yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov qee zaus ntawm AC lub zog mus rau lwm qhov tsis tu ncua lossis hloov pauv ntawm AC zog.

DC-DC converter (DC-DC) hloov DC lub zog mus rau lwm lub zog DC nrog ntau zaus, theem, tam sim no, thiab cov yam ntxwv voltage.

Inverters (DC-AC) hloov cov hloov pauv uas hloov DC lub zog rau hauv AC lub zog, qee tus hu rau lawv cov converters, thiab yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm AC tso zis hloov cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis cuam tshuam (UPS).

Fais fab kev tswj chips yog kev tswj fais fab kev sib txuas uas nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog kev tswj hwm hluav taws xob, kev txhawb nqa hluav taws xob, tsis tu ncua tam sim no, AC-DC hloov dua siab tshiab, thiab lwm yam. Lawv muab faib ua cov kab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (LDO), them-tws (Charger-pump) chips, DC -DC converters (DC-DC), AC-DC converters (AC-DC), LED tsav tsheb chips, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntawv sau npe yog cov chargers thiab LED tsav tsheb rau cov neeg siv khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li xov tooj ntawm tes thiab phau computers.Piv txwv li, voltage regulators nqis nqis lub mains voltage ntawm 220V thiab tso zis ib tug ruaj khov DC tsis tshua muaj voltage rau siv nyob rau hauv phau computers;LED tsav tsheb nce lub zog sab hauv ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes kom tsav lub koob yees duab flashes.