Semiconductors Electronic Components TPS7A5201QRGRRQ1 Ic Chips BOM kev pabcuam Ib qho chaw yuav

Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm chips

(i) Chip yog dab tsi

Lub integrated Circuit Court, abbreviated li IC;los yog microcircuit, microchip, nti yog ib txoj kev ntawm miniaturizing circuits (feem ntau yog semiconductor li, tab sis kuj passive Cheebtsam, thiab lwm yam) nyob rau hauv electronics, thiab yog feem ntau tsim nyob rau hauv lub nto ntawm semiconductor wafers.

(ii) Chip manufacturing process

Cov txheej txheem chip fabrication tiav suav nrog chip tsim, wafer fabrication, pob fabrication, thiab kev sim, cov txheej txheem wafer fabrication yog tshwj xeeb yog complex.

Ua ntej yog lub nti tsim, raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, cov tsim "qauv", cov khoom siv ntawm cov nti yog cov wafer.

Lub wafer yog ua los ntawm silicon, uas yog refined los ntawm quartz xuab zeb.Lub wafer yog cov khoom siv silicon purified (99.999%), tom qab ntawd cov silicon ntshiab yog tsim rau hauv silicon rods, uas dhau los ua cov khoom siv rau kev tsim khoom quartz semiconductors rau kev sib xyaw ua ke, uas yog hlais rau hauv wafers rau chips.Qhov thinner lub wafer, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom qis dua, tab sis qhov xav tau ntau dua cov txheej txheem.

Wafer txheej

Wafer txheej yog resistant rau oxidation thiab kub tsis kam thiab yog ib hom photoresist.

Wafer photolithography txoj kev loj hlob thiab etching

Lub hauv paus ntws ntawm cov txheej txheem photolithography yog qhia hauv daim duab hauv qab no.Ua ntej, ib txheej ntawm photoresist yog siv rau saum npoo ntawm wafer (los yog substrate) thiab qhuav.Tom qab ziab, lub wafer raug xa mus rau lub tshuab lithography.Lub teeb yog dhau los ntawm lub npog ntsej muag los tsim cov qauv ntawm lub npog ntsej muag mus rau photoresist ntawm lub ntsej muag wafer, ua kom raug thiab txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv photochemical.Cov wafers raug muab ci rau zaum ob, lub npe hu ua tom qab raug ci, qhov twg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv photochemical ua tiav ntau dua.Thaum kawg, tus tsim tawm yog txau mus rau lub photoresist ntawm wafer nto los tsim cov qauv nthuav tawm.Tom qab kev txhim kho, tus qauv ntawm lub npog ntsej muag yog sab laug ntawm photoresist.

Gluing, ci, thiab kev loj hlob yog tag nrho cov ua tiav nyob rau hauv tus tsim tawm screed thiab raug ua tiav nyob rau hauv lub photolithograph.Tus tsim tawm screed thiab lub tshuab lithography feem ntau ua haujlwm hauv kab, nrog cov wafers raug xa mus ntawm chav nyob thiab lub tshuab siv cov neeg hlau.Tag nrho cov raug thiab kev loj hlob system raug kaw thiab cov wafers tsis ncaj qha mus rau ib puag ncig ib puag ncig kom txo tau cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm lub photoresist thiab photochemical tshuaj.

Doping nrog impurities

Implanting ions rau hauv wafer los tsim cov khoom sib xws P thiab N-hom semiconductors.

Kev ntsuam xyuas wafer

Tom qab cov txheej txheem saum toj no, ib lub lattice ntawm tsuav yog tsim rau ntawm wafer.Cov yam ntxwv hluav taws xob ntawm txhua qhov tuag raug kuaj xyuas siv tus pin test.

Ntim

Cov wafers tsim tau raug kho, khi rau cov pins, thiab ua rau hauv cov pob sib txawv raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, uas yog vim li cas tib lub nti core tuaj yeem ntim rau hauv ntau txoj kev.Piv txwv li, DIP, QFP, PLCC, QFN, thiab lwm yam.Ntawm no nws yog tsuas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm tus neeg siv daim ntawv thov tus cwj pwm, daim ntawv thov ib puag ncig, hom kev lag luam, thiab lwm yam khoom siv peripheral.

Kev kuaj, ntim

Tom qab cov txheej txheem saum toj no, kev tsim cov chips tiav.Cov kauj ruam no yog kuaj cov nti, tshem tawm cov khoom puas thiab ntim nws.

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm wafers thiab chips

Lub nti yog tsim los ntawm ntau tshaj ib qho khoom siv semiconductor.Semiconductors feem ntau yog diodes, triodes, field effect tubes, me zog resistors, inductors, capacitors, thiab lwm yam.

Nws yog kev siv cov kev txhais tau tias hloov cov concentration ntawm dawb electrons nyob rau hauv lub atomic nucleus nyob rau hauv lub voj voog zoo los hloov lub cev lub cev ntawm lub atomic nucleus los tsim ib tug zoo los yog tsis zoo nqi ntawm ntau (electrons) los yog ob peb (qhov) rau tsim ntau yam semiconductors.

Silicon thiab germanium feem ntau yog siv cov khoom siv semiconductor thiab lawv cov khoom thiab cov khoom siv tau yooj yim muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau thiab tus nqi qis rau kev siv hauv cov thev naus laus zis no.

Lub silicon wafer yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov khoom siv semiconductor.Kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib lub semiconductor yog, ntawm chav kawm, tsim ib lub voj voog raws li qhov xav tau thiab muaj nyob hauv silicon wafer.